Bristol Board: a heavyweight substrate. It is optimal for painting. Plate or hot pressed has a smoother surface, while vellum or cold pressed is rougher. Hot pressed/plate is recommended for detailed ink work. The downside of bristol is that it does not scrape well, making mistakes harder to correct.
Bristol pads: Bristol paper has a similar tooth to bristol board, but is not as heavy.
Calligraphy: "Beautiful writing" tends to fall into two families: broad nib and pointed nib. This blog covers broad nib only.
Ductus: An alphabet with instructions on how to form each letter
Hand: A set of characters in the same style. (Font specifically refers to typed words.)
Minim: the central portion of a line of writing
Pergamenata: a specific type of paper with a surface that emulates animal vellum. It comes in lightweight and a cardstock weight. The cardstock weight is suggested for scrolls.